Capability is gaining presence in the context of business-IT alignment, in the specification and design of services using business planning as the baseline, in Enterprise Architecture, and in Service Oriented Architecture. However, the knowledge, role and the usage of enterprise capabilities in the named disciplines in terms of people competencies and the capacity of the resources, are unclear and open to different interpretations. How to utilize “capability” knowledge in enterprise modelling and architectures as a foundation for sustainable Information System planning and management in the presence of varying social and business contexts is likely to yield substantial results in both research and practice in years to come.