Nowadays the Internet and broadband data transmisson are mainly based on ubiquitous wireless communications and high capacity optical networks. In recent years we have seen a growing interest in optical wireless communications. It is generally regconised that this technology holds the key for substantial increase in the spectrum needed to be able to support the exponential growth in mobile mulltimedia type data traffic. There is a wide range of applications for optical wireless communications including, but not limited to, mobile data transfer, indoor RF spectrum relief, inter-vehicle communications and last-mile outdoor transmission links. Optical wireless consortia around the world have emerged to support the increasing research activities. In addition, standardisation activities have started. The dedicated special session aims to bring together cutting edge research contributions that address challenges in optical wireless communications.