The 5th IPCC assessment report (AR5) has present the science of increase in carbon dioxide concentrations and the increase in global temperatures. These AR5 conclusions are consistent with previous IPCC reports. The backbones of the IPCC reports are monitoring data. As such, we need continuous measurements of greenhouse gases from local to global scales and from various platforms. These data can help to continuously test and verify our understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution of the greenhouse gases.