Nitrogen pollution in the groundwater has become an environmental problem of interest to the people, especially in some districts whose water supply is groundwater in the northwest of China, so studying the pollution situation of it is of great significance. This paper,based on field investigations and sample analysis,studied the distribution and polluting source of nitrate in the southeast of Yaozhou state. The superposition graph of nitrate and land use types preliminarily shows the sources of nitrates are from human life and agricultural fertiliser. The results of the PCA further indicate agricultural activities have the most significant impact to the nitrate content. Meanwhile the thickness of overlying strata is an important factor. So suggestions are to control the quantity of agricultural fertiliser and distribute the exploitation wells reasonably in the area.