Chinese enterprises are thinking about how to avoid risks of going global, and becoming a global corporate citizenship, in particular with a context of the country’s “One Belt and One Road” (OBOR) strategy. The questions include how to cope with the challenges, seize the opportunities and how Chinese enterprises implement OBOR strategy effectively. This article aims to review the connotation of OBOR and development of Chinese enterprises going global, and analyze the reasons why Chinese enterprises going global lack of social responsibility. The article finally puts forward relevant policy recommendations combined with the corporate social responsibility and sustainable development.