54 / 2025-04-14 11:24:21

Evaluation of the Immunological Effectiveness of an Intelligent Variable Spray Control System for ND-IBV Live Vaccine Administration in Laying Hens

immune responses,Spray Control System,laying hens

3. 智慧牧场与动物福利 > （3）智慧养殖的传感器、智能感知和机器人

Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are two major viral diseases that compromise the health of laying hens, resulting in substantial economic losses and biosecurity risks to the poultry industry. Vaccination remains one of the most effective strategies for preventing and controlling such infectious diseases in poultry. Among various methods, spray vaccination using live attenuated vaccines has been developed and widely adopted due to its robust immunogenicity and suitability for large-scale application.

In this study, a newly developed intelligent variable spray immunisation control system was employed to administer a bivalent ND-IBV live attenuated vaccine to 10-week-old laying hens under three different flow rate conditions, defined by duty cycles of 20%, 60%, and 100%. Post-vaccination, the levels of humoral and mucosal immune responses, as well as viral loads in tracheal and intestinal tissues, were evaluated to investigate the immunisation efficacy under varying operational settings.

The results indicated that spray vaccination under all three flow conditions effectively induced a satisfactory immune response in the laying hens. Notably, under the 20% duty cycle setting, the concentration of secretory IgA (sIgA) in pulmonary fluid rose more rapidly to a higher level, suggesting a faster and stronger mucosal immune response, which may confer enhanced protective efficacy. This study assesses the immunological performance of the novel intelligent variable spray immunisation control system and provides foundational evidence to support the selection and optimisation of its operational parameters for field application