In order to solve the problem that traditional distribution cable monitoring technologies are not enough to reflect various actual defects/faults, the paper proposes different sensor deployment strategies for different cable passages, to improve the actual monitoring capability. For cable lines, an isosceles triangle deployment strategy has been applied, and two working modes of wake/sleep have been set for overlapping nodes. Thus, the coverage requirements can be met and the working period of the sensor can be extended. For the non-direct buried cable channel, the genetic algorithm has been used to optimize the coverage of the channel network, then the output node can be used as the input of the cluster topology node sleep scheduling algorithm to optimize the energy consumption of the network. Thus, the working period of the sensor can be extended. The simulation results show that the coverage of the network is always more than 200% when the contour triangle deployment strategy is adopted. With the optimization of clustering topological node dormant scheduling algorithm based on genetic algorithm, the network life cycle can be extended by about 20%, even up to about 200% in the case of redundant nodes.

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