Optical biosensors based on micro/nanofibers are highly valuable for probing and monitoring liquid environments and bioactivity. Here, we introduce biocompatible and flexible microfibers from lotus silk as microenvironmental monitors that exhibit waveguiding of intrinsic fluorescence as well as of coupled light. These features make single-filament monitors excellent building blocks for a variety of sensing functions, including pH probing and detection of bacterial activity. In addition, a derivative of tetraphenylpyrazine shows strong, narrow and stable deep-blue emission in the aggregate state. It can be further fabricated into aggregation-induced emission microfiber to remotely light-up the colorful emission by waveguiding excitation, which is favor in the exploration of substance in the microscopic world. These results pave the way for the development of new and entirely eco-friendly, potentially multiplexed biosensing platforms.