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Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC) and its Application in Pharmaceutical, Clinical, Food and Environmental Analysis

Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC), LC-MS,,Pharmaceutical, Clinical, Food and Environmental Analysis,retention mechanisms

Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) is an effective and fast-growing alternative to conventional HPLC techniques for the separation and determination of polar and hydrophilic compounds, especially combined with electro spray ionization- mass spectrometric (ESI_MA) detection. Since it was first described in the early 1990s, the popularity of HILIC has been growing exponentially as measured by the number of publications due to an increasing demand for the analysis of polar components in complex matrices. HILIC is a chromatographic technique that uses aqueous-organic solvent mobile phases with a high percentage of organic solvent, and a polar stationary phase. So far, silica gels, amino, amide, cyano, carbamate-, diol- and zwitterionic-based stationary phases have been utilized in HILIC separation. Like other HPLC techniques, the understanding of HILIC retention mechanisms and theories has been behind the practice. In this presentation, we will discuss the development, basic separation mechanisms, stationary and mobile phases of HILIC first, and main emphasis will be then put on the applications of HILIC in pharmaceutical, clinical, food and environmental analysis due to the increasing demands in separation and determination of hydrophilic and polar chemicals in these areas. The issue for the method development, validation, as well as the advantages and drawbacks of HILIC will be also discussed.