The research on sustainable development and urban spatial structure is the focus of current urbanology studies, and the exploration of sustainable development mode of urban spatial structure is also the focus of current research. The research data comes from the 705,747 POI (Point of Interest) in the main city of Guiyang provided by the open source map. Through the nuclear density analysis and spatial correlation index, using the geographic information system for the spatial distribution and agglomeration characteristics of different types of POI data, the spatial analysis and correlation characteristics between urban centers with different functions of the city are analyzed. Under the guidance of policies, Guiyang's urban spatial structure is obviously “multi-center, multi-group”; cities with different functional types also exhibit multi-center distribution; Guiyang's centers at all levels are relatively well developed, but the degree of development and its differences Significantly, the public and life multi-center development is relatively mature, and the commercial and residential multi-center development is poor, and the leisure center is still in its infancy. Guiyang is still far from the multi-center of the city, but it has great development prospects. The sustainable development model of the future city will present a dynamic "multi-center" development model.