This paper characterized risk acceptance based on the psychometric paradigm, by conducting a nationally representative longitudinal survey spanning 10 years and explored the determining factors that influence the risk acceptable hazards. Seven kinds of risks were examined including Drinking Water Pollution/ Interior decoration/ Electromagnetic Waves/ Air pollution/Chemical Plants / Public Traffic and Natural disasters. In general, the perceived acceptance of all risks declined in typical areas in the past decade. We also provide evidence that the level of public risk acceptance varies significantly among different regions, and the same region also shows different changes in the past 10 years. This article is the first to study the change of risk perception in a large scale of time and space. Our results could help the Chinese government make effective mitigation policies to improve people’s rational judgment on the acceptability of risks.